Dalla titolarità alla destinazione ambientale : riflessioni comparatistiche sul rapporto tra usi civici e proprietà

vecinales' in Spagna, viene proposta una ricomposizione dei rapporti tra regole della proprietà e diritti di uso civico fondata sul passaggio dal criterio della titolarità a quello della destinazione del bene, valorizzando la proprietà fiduciaria come forma di proprietà destinata, idonea a ricomporre il conflitto tra diritti individuali, interessi collettivi e tutela ambientale del territorio. [Testo dell'editore]

The article analyses the relationship between 'usi civici'and property, highlighting the potential conflict between the modern concept of real rights, based on the title owner, and collective property rights, which identify the social and environmental function of the land as a primary criterion for regulating its resources. Considering the historical development of 'usi civici'and the more recent legislative recognition of their environmental destination, the study examines recent Italian case law, highlighting the difficult reconciliation of these rights with property rules on some key issues, such as the circulation of assets subject to 'usi civici' , their enforceability against third parties, the limits on alienability, the expropriation rules, and their qualification as public property. Through a comparative analysis, which also looks at other similar experiences of civil law, such as that of 'montes vecinales'in Spain, the Author proposes a recomposition of the relationship between property rules and

'usi civici'based on the trust model and the idea of fiduciary property as a purposebound ownership suitable for recomposing the conflict between individual rights, collective interests and environmental protection of land. [Publisher's text]