Violenza di Genere : criticità, bias e ruolo del Terapeuta

autori) e agli approcci emergenti (ACT, TMI). Come caso esemplare di intervento integrato e multidisciplinare fondato sulla mentalizzazione, viene descritto dettagliatamente il progetto U.O.Mo (Milano). Il contributo dedica specifica attenzione alle dinamiche psicologiche trasversali, come la dipendenza affettiva e il trauma bond, e si conclude con una riflessione approfondita sul ruolo del terapeuta, sui bias cognitivi ed emotivi in gioco e sulla necessità di una posizione clinica paradossale che sappia coniugare accoglienza non giudicante e ferma responsabilizzazione, nell'ottica di un contrasto efficace ed eticamente fondato al fenomeno. [Testo dell'editore]

Genderbased violence, and in particular intimate partner violence (IPV), constitutes a violation of human rights and a major global public health issue, with profound repercussions for the physical and mental health of victims, their children, and the perpetrators themselves (Wessells et al., 2022; WHO, 2014). This work explores the phenomenon in light of international definitions (WHO; Istanbul Convention), analyzing its complex etiology, which involves an interplay of sociocultural, relational, and psychopathological factors. Starting from a critical analysis of the Italian context highlighting the discrepancies between legislative progress (Codice Rosso) and empirical outcomes, and the scientific debate on the bidirectionality of the phenomenon it reviews the integrated theoretical framework necessary for its understanding. The issue of perpetrator treatment is then explored in depth, from a critique of traditional models (Duluth) to evidencebased, differentiated perspectives (RNR model, perpetrator

typologies) and emerging approaches (ACT, TMI). As an exemplary case of an integrated and multidisciplinary intervention founded on mentalization, the U.O.Mo project (Milan) is described in detail. The paper dedicates specific attention to transversal psychological dynamics, such as emotional dependence and trauma bonding, and concludes with an indepth reflection on the role of the therapist, the cognitive and emotional biases at play, and the need for a paradoxical clinical stance capable of reconciling nonjudgmental acceptance with firm accountability, with a view to effectively and ethically addressing the phenomenon. [Publisher's text]